Tintype (Ferrotype)
Direct-positive photographs on lacquered iron — cheap, durable, and iconic.
CIRCA 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE TWO YOUNG ROMANTIC COUPLES HUSBANDS & WIVES
CIRCA 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE HANDSOME TEENAGE BOY IN DOUBLE-BREASTED SUIT
C. 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE CUTE LITTLE GIRL IN WHITE DRESS SITTING IN CHAIR
CIRCA 1870s TINTYPE OLD LADY IN BLACK BONNET AND DRESS ALBUM PRINT UNMARKED
CIRCA 1870s TINTYPE 3C CIVIL WAR TAX STAMP GORGEOUS YOUNG LADY IN DRESS
CIRCA 1870s TINTYPE GORGOEUS YOUNG LADY IN DRESS ALBUM PRINT CARTOUCHE UNMARKED
CIRCA 1870s TINTYPE HANDSOME YOUNG BOY IN SUIT ALBUM PRINT UNMARKED
CIRCA 1870s TINTYPE HADNSOME YOUNG MAN IN SUIT ALBUM PRINT UNMARKED
CIRCA 1860s TINTYPE HANDSOME BEARDED MAN IN SUIT CARTOUCHE UNMARKED
CIRCA 1860s TINTYPE GORGEOUS YOUNG LADY IN FANCY DRESS ALBUM PRINT UNMARKED
CIRCA 1870s TINTYPE GORGEOUS YOUNG LADY IN FANCY DRESS ALBUM PRINT UNMARKED
CIRCA 1870s 1/6 PLATE TINTYPE THREE MEN IN SUITS DETAILED UNMARKED
CIRCA 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE HANDSOME YOUNG MAN WITH MUSTACHE IN SUIT
CIRCA 1860s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE BABY IN WHITE DRESS NEXT TO MOTHER
CIRCA 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE HANDSOME TEENAGE BOY IN SUIT DETAILED
CIRCA 1870s 1/9TH PLATE TINTYPE HANDSOME BEARDED MAN IN SUIT
CIRCA 1860s CASED TINTYPE HANDSOME WEALTHY YOUNG MAN WITH MUSTACHE
CIRCA 1890s 1/2 PLATE TINTYPE TWO MEN RIDING EARLY VERSION OF TANDEM BICYCLE
1000 CDV AND TINTYPE PHOTO SLEEVES PACK CLEAR POLY ARCHIVAL SAFE
CIRCA 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE BABY IN WHITE DRESS DETAILED
CIRCA 1870s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE LITTLE GIRL IN BLACK DRESS DETAILED BACKDROP
CIRCA 1890s 1/6TH PLATE CHOCOLATE TINTYPE LITTLE GIRL IN WHITE DRESS DETAILED
C. 1890s 1/6TH PLATE TINTYPE TWO YOUNG LADIES SITTING ON BENCH HUGGING UNUSUAL
CIRCA 1870s 16/TH PLATE TINTYPE LITTLE GIRL IN PLAID DRESS & BOOTS DETAILED
Tintypes (also called ferrotypes) are direct-positive photographs made on a thin sheet of lacquered iron. Cheap to produce and nearly indestructible, they were a fixture of itinerant photographers, fairgrounds, and seaside boardwalks from the American Civil War well into the 20th century — the longest production run of any 19th-century photo format.
HistoryOrigin & era
Invented in 1853 by Adolphe Alexandre Martin in Paris and patented in the United States by Hamilton Smith in 1856, the tintype shared its plate-size family with the daguerreotype and ambrotype — they were all made on the same camera plates. Unlike a CDV, every tintype is a unique direct-positive: there is no negative. Most are dark and slightly muddy because the image sits on a black-japanned iron base. They're heavier than they look — a magnet will stick to the back. Peak use was the 1860s–70s; street and boardwalk photographers were still making them into the 1930s.
IdentificationHow to spot a Tintype
- Magnetic — a small magnet sticks to the back. (Definitive test.)
- Slightly heavier than paper or glass photographs of the same size.
- Image often slightly dark, slate-grey, with a thin lacquer sheen.
- Edges sometimes show rust or japanning chips.
- Frequently found in paper sleeves, leather cases, or unmounted.
Tintype sizes
Tintypes share the standard American "plate" sizes with daguerreotypes and ambrotypes, plus a few formats unique to the cheaper itinerant trade.
| Format | Inches | Millimeters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whole plate | 6½ × 8½ in | 165 × 216 mm | Rare; mostly studio formal portraits. |
| Half plate | 4¼ × 5½ in | 108 × 140 mm | Uncommon; usually couples or small groups. |
| Quarter plate | 3¼ × 4¼ in | 83 × 108 mm | Common for higher-end portraits. |
| Sixth plate | 2¾ × 3¼ in | 70 × 83 mm | By far the most common size — the default. |
| Ninth plate | 2 × 2½ in | 51 × 64 mm | Often in small leather cases or lockets. |
| Sixteenth plate | 1⅜ × 1⅝ in | 35 × 41 mm | Tiny — sometimes set into jewelry. |
| Bon-ton | 2⅜ × 3½ in | 60 × 89 mm | Late-19th-century portrait format. |
| Gem tintype | ⅞ × 1 in | 22 × 25 mm | Tiny portraits set into albums or jewelry. |
| Card-mounted (CDV-style) | 2½ × 4 in | 64 × 100 mm | Tintype trimmed and pasted onto a CDV mount. |
Common questions
What is a tintype?
A tintype (also called a ferrotype) is a direct-positive photograph made on a thin sheet of lacquered iron. Each tintype is a unique one-of-a-kind image — there is no negative. Invented by Adolphe Martin in 1853 and patented in the U.S. by Hamilton Smith in 1856, tintypes were the cheapest form of photography of their day and stayed in use at fairs and boardwalks into the 1930s.
How can I tell if a photo is a tintype?
The definitive test is a magnet — it will stick to the back of a tintype because the base is iron. Tintypes are also noticeably heavier than paper photographs of the same size, slightly dark and slate-grey in tone, and often show a thin lacquer sheen on the surface.
Are tintypes valuable?
Most common 19th-century tintypes are modest in value ($10–$40) because they were produced cheaply by the millions. Cased tintypes, occupational portraits, outdoor scenes, Civil War soldiers, identified subjects, and large-plate (half- and whole-plate) examples can fetch hundreds to thousands of dollars.
What plate sizes did tintypes come in?
Tintypes used the same plate-size family as daguerreotypes — whole, half, quarter, sixth, ninth, and sixteenth plate — plus a few unique formats. The sixth plate (about 2¾ × 3¼ inches) is by far the most common. Tiny ‘gem’ tintypes (about an inch square) and card-mounted tintypes in CDV-style mounts are also frequently encountered.
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