Carte de Visite
Albumen-print portraits on small card mounts — the calling-card photo of the Civil War era.
Antique CDV 1870s Elliott & Fry Bearded Man Suit London UK Portrait
Antique CDV 1860s Southwell Bros Woman Lace Hairnet Vignette London UK
Antique CDV Fred'k Staples Young Woman Lace Collar Necklace Camden Town UK
Antique CDV 1860s Young Woman Oval Vignette Portrait Dark Dress Hair Up
Antique CDV Handsome Bearded Man Textured Double Breasted Coat Jacket Portrait
Antique CDV Villiers & Quick Portrait Woman Pleated Dress Brooch Bristol UK
Antique CDV 1870s Young Woman Cross Necklace Elaborate Hairdo Portrait
Antique CDV 1880s Wm Ferguson Woman in Polka Dot Dress Hat Keswick UK
Antique CDV 1870s J Stringfellow Woman Portrait Sheffield UK
Antique CDV 1860s C Koenig Couple Striped Dress Frock Coat London UK
Antique CDV J Wilkinson & CO Young Girl Oval Portrait Colne Lancashire UK
Antique CDV 1870 H. C. Donk & CO. Two Women Victorian Fashion Amsterdam
Antique CDV 1860s Woman Full Skirt Dress Standing By Chair Backdrop
Antique CDV 1860s Wolter Woman Portrait Oval Frame Shawl Brooch Hair
Antique CDV 1880s W Usherwood Victorian Woman Pleated Dress Dorking UK
Antique CDV Unmarked
Antique CDV Henry Cooper Curly Hair Woman Striped Dress Brooch Northampton
Antique CDV 1880s J Hughes Young Man Suit West Bromwich Staffordshire UK
Antique CDV 1860s Mother & Child in Plaid Dress Hoop Skirt Portrait
Antique CDV 1860s A Doherty Seated Woman Striped Dress Hulme Manchester
Antique CDV Unmarked
Antique CDV Mr & Mrs Monson Portrait Plump Woman Lace Collar Northampton
Antique CDV 1885 Charles Law Elderly Man Sideburns Suit Northampton UK
Antique CDV H.B. Collis Mother Baby Child Portrait Canterbury England
The carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a stiff card the size of a calling card. First proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854, CDVs became a worldwide craze after Disdéri photographed Emperor Napoleon III in 1859 — and stayed in production into the 1920s, collected and pasted into family albums by the millions.
HistoryOrigin & era
CDVs are produced from a glass-plate negative printed onto thin albumen paper, then trimmed and pasted to a card mount. Studios printed them by the dozen; the same sitter could order several copies of the same exposure to hand out. The format was largely displaced by the larger cabinet card from the 1880s onward, though CDV-sized prints continued to be made by smaller studios and itinerant photographers into the 1920s.
IdentificationHow to spot a CDV
- Card mount roughly 2½ × 4 inches.
- Albumen print — slight surface gloss, often warm brown or sepia tones.
- Studio imprint usually on the back (photographer + city).
- Square-cornered mounts are earlier (c. 1860s); rounded corners and decorated backs come in later.
- Tax revenue stamps on the back date it to 1864–1866 (U.S. Civil War tax).
CDV sizes
CDVs are largely standardized — the mount size barely varies — but the photo on the mount and the mount stock evolved over time.
| Format | Inches | Millimeters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CDV mount | 2½ × 4 in | 64 × 100 mm | Universal mount size from the 1860s on. |
| Albumen print on mount | ≈ 2⅛ × 3½ in | ≈ 54 × 89 mm | Photo trimmed to fit the mount with a small border. |
| Victoria (mini-CDV) | 3¼ × 5 in | 83 × 127 mm | Brief 1870s variant — slightly larger than standard. |
Common questions
What is a CDV photograph?
A carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a card the size of a calling card — roughly 2½ × 4 inches. The format was first proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854. CDVs were the dominant portrait format from the early 1860s through the 1870s and continued to be made into the 1920s.
How can I tell if a CDV is from the Civil War era?
A revenue tax stamp on the back dates a CDV to between August 1864 and August 1866 — the only window when the U.S. taxed photographs. Square corners, plain mounts, and two-line photographer imprints also point to the 1860s; rounded corners and elaborate decorated backs are 1870s and later.
How much is an antique CDV worth?
Common 1870s studio portraits typically run $5–$25, while Civil War soldier images, identified subjects, occupational portraits, and outdoor scenes can run from $75 into the thousands. Condition, identification, and historical interest of the sitter drive value far more than age alone.
Are CDVs and cabinet cards the same thing?
No — they share the albumen process but cabinet cards are larger (about 4¼ × 6½ inches on heavier card stock) and came into vogue in the late 1860s. CDVs and cabinet cards coexisted from roughly 1866 into the 1890s before cabinets took over the standard portrait market.
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