Carte de Visite
Albumen-print portraits on small card mounts — the calling-card photo of the Civil War era.
Woman Tassel Lace Cravat Tie D. Rider's Upper Sandusky Oh Antique CDV
Cute Baby in White Dress On Fringed Chair Pillow Pa J.S. Aunspach Antique CDV
Young Gorgeous Lady Cameo Brooch Ruffled Dress Bucyrus Oh J. Carson Antique CDV
Victorian Lady Floral Embroidered Collar Adrian MI J.M. Hoag Antique CDV
Young Lady Updo Curls Button High Collar Striped Dress Antique CDV
Young Lady in Ruffled Bustle Dress Hat Philadelphia Pa Louis Walker Antique CDV
Young Lady Posed By Carved Table Photograph Co Richmond VA Antique CDV
Cute Young Boy in Overcoat Patterned Tie Red Border Studio Portrait Antique CDV
Young Lady Plaid Bow Collar Tassel Chair Boston Ma O.I. Bradford Antique CDV
Young Lady Lace Jabot Collar Upswept Hair Boston Ma Highland Gallery Antique CDV
Young Lady in Ribbon Tie Collar Dress Geneseo NY J.C. Merrell Antique CDV
Young Lady Lace Collar Necklace Waltham Ma W.A. Webster Antique CDV
Cute Baby in Button Coat Seated On Patterned Chair Antique CDV
Handsome Young Man in Suit With Bow Tie New York NY A.E. Alden Antique CDV
Cute Seated Child in Frilly White Dress Lamson & Smith Antique CDV
Husband & Wife Romantic Couple Mustache Man Ruffled Dress Arch Antique CDV
Young Lady Lace Jabot Collar Oval Cameo Cohoes NY J.H. New Antique CDV
Young Lady in Bustle Dress Standing By Chair Clinton Mo J.C. Tussey Antique CDV
Young Man in Pinstripe Suit By Table Huntingburg in Jos. Sprauer Antique CDV
Handsome Young Man in Suit Bow Tie Belfast me W.C. Tuttle Antique CDV
Young Lady Curly Hair Floral Collar Dover NH A.P. Drew Antique CDV
Old Bald Bearded Man in Suit Bow Tie Oval Vignette Portrait Antique CDV
Young Lady Curly Hair Lace Collar Great Falls NH C.C. Gardner Antique CDV
Handsome Young Man Oval Portrait in Frock Coat Vest Tie Antique CDV
The carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a stiff card the size of a calling card. First proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854, CDVs became a worldwide craze after Disdéri photographed Emperor Napoleon III in 1859 — and stayed in production into the 1920s, collected and pasted into family albums by the millions.
HistoryOrigin & era
CDVs are produced from a glass-plate negative printed onto thin albumen paper, then trimmed and pasted to a card mount. Studios printed them by the dozen; the same sitter could order several copies of the same exposure to hand out. The format was largely displaced by the larger cabinet card from the 1880s onward, though CDV-sized prints continued to be made by smaller studios and itinerant photographers into the 1920s.
IdentificationHow to spot a CDV
- Card mount roughly 2½ × 4 inches.
- Albumen print — slight surface gloss, often warm brown or sepia tones.
- Studio imprint usually on the back (photographer + city).
- Square-cornered mounts are earlier (c. 1860s); rounded corners and decorated backs come in later.
- Tax revenue stamps on the back date it to 1864–1866 (U.S. Civil War tax).
CDV sizes
CDVs are largely standardized — the mount size barely varies — but the photo on the mount and the mount stock evolved over time.
| Format | Inches | Millimeters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CDV mount | 2½ × 4 in | 64 × 100 mm | Universal mount size from the 1860s on. |
| Albumen print on mount | ≈ 2⅛ × 3½ in | ≈ 54 × 89 mm | Photo trimmed to fit the mount with a small border. |
| Victoria (mini-CDV) | 3¼ × 5 in | 83 × 127 mm | Brief 1870s variant — slightly larger than standard. |
Common questions
What is a CDV photograph?
A carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a card the size of a calling card — roughly 2½ × 4 inches. The format was first proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854. CDVs were the dominant portrait format from the early 1860s through the 1870s and continued to be made into the 1920s.
How can I tell if a CDV is from the Civil War era?
A revenue tax stamp on the back dates a CDV to between August 1864 and August 1866 — the only window when the U.S. taxed photographs. Square corners, plain mounts, and two-line photographer imprints also point to the 1860s; rounded corners and elaborate decorated backs are 1870s and later.
How much is an antique CDV worth?
Common 1870s studio portraits typically run $5–$25, while Civil War soldier images, identified subjects, occupational portraits, and outdoor scenes can run from $75 into the thousands. Condition, identification, and historical interest of the sitter drive value far more than age alone.
Are CDVs and cabinet cards the same thing?
No — they share the albumen process but cabinet cards are larger (about 4¼ × 6½ inches on heavier card stock) and came into vogue in the late 1860s. CDVs and cabinet cards coexisted from roughly 1866 into the 1890s before cabinets took over the standard portrait market.
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