Carte de Visite
Albumen-print portraits on small card mounts — the calling-card photo of the Civil War era.
CDV Circa 1890s Harry Corell Cute Baby In White Dress Unmarked
CDV Circa 1890s Globus Young Lady and Woman Berlin Germany
CDV Circa 1890s Hans Jäger Handsome Man with Mustache Klagenfurt
CDV Circa 1890s A.G. Coldevin Handsome Man with Mustache Mosjøen
CDV Circa 1890s B. Baarsen Handsome Man In Suit Mo i Rana
CDV Circa 1890s Lewis Man with Mustache In Suit New Britain Conn
CDV Circa 1890s Wellin Handsome Man with Mustache Trondhjem Norway
CDV Circa 1890s Handsome Man With Hat and Suit Unmarked
CDV Circa 1890s Eilert Dahl Lady with Child Fancy Dress Unmarked
CDV Circa 1890s H. Jensen Handsome Man In Suit Rendsburg
CDV Circa 1890s Unknown Three Children Striped Sweaters Unmarked
CDV Circa 1890s W. Jacobsen Cute Baby Striped Dress Kiel Germany
CDV Circa 1890s Max Caspari Cute Baby In Dress Harburg Germany
CDV Circa 1890s Hermann Tietz Cute Children in Dress Berlin Germany
CDV Circa 1890s J. Volk Handsome Man with Mustache Gelsenkirchen
CDV Circa 1890s C. Wichmann Handsome Man with Mustache in Suit Dietrichsdorf
CDV Circa 1890s Gorgeous Lady In Elegant Gown Unmarked
CDV Circa 1890s A. Bender Cute Girl In Dress Unmarked
CDV Circa 1890s Aug. Böhne Cute Baby In Dress Bockenem Germany
CDV Circa 1890s A. Jandorf & Co Cute Girl and Baby Berlin
CDV Circa 1890s Th. Siedler Cute Boy Goslar Germany
CDV Circa 1890s Richard Wagner Cute Baby In Dress Sinsheim Germany
CDV Circa 1890s Hearn Gorgeous Lady In Hat Portland Maine
CDV Circa 1890s A. Weil Young Man in Suit Altona Germany
The carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a stiff card the size of a calling card. First proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854, CDVs became a worldwide craze after Disdéri photographed Emperor Napoleon III in 1859 — and stayed in production into the 1920s, collected and pasted into family albums by the millions.
HistoryOrigin & era
CDVs are produced from a glass-plate negative printed onto thin albumen paper, then trimmed and pasted to a card mount. Studios printed them by the dozen; the same sitter could order several copies of the same exposure to hand out. The format was largely displaced by the larger cabinet card from the 1880s onward, though CDV-sized prints continued to be made by smaller studios and itinerant photographers into the 1920s.
IdentificationHow to spot a CDV
- Card mount roughly 2½ × 4 inches.
- Albumen print — slight surface gloss, often warm brown or sepia tones.
- Studio imprint usually on the back (photographer + city).
- Square-cornered mounts are earlier (c. 1860s); rounded corners and decorated backs come in later.
- Tax revenue stamps on the back date it to 1864–1866 (U.S. Civil War tax).
CDV sizes
CDVs are largely standardized — the mount size barely varies — but the photo on the mount and the mount stock evolved over time.
| Format | Inches | Millimeters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CDV mount | 2½ × 4 in | 64 × 100 mm | Universal mount size from the 1860s on. |
| Albumen print on mount | ≈ 2⅛ × 3½ in | ≈ 54 × 89 mm | Photo trimmed to fit the mount with a small border. |
| Victoria (mini-CDV) | 3¼ × 5 in | 83 × 127 mm | Brief 1870s variant — slightly larger than standard. |
Common questions
What is a CDV photograph?
A carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a card the size of a calling card — roughly 2½ × 4 inches. The format was first proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854. CDVs were the dominant portrait format from the early 1860s through the 1870s and continued to be made into the 1920s.
How can I tell if a CDV is from the Civil War era?
A revenue tax stamp on the back dates a CDV to between August 1864 and August 1866 — the only window when the U.S. taxed photographs. Square corners, plain mounts, and two-line photographer imprints also point to the 1860s; rounded corners and elaborate decorated backs are 1870s and later.
How much is an antique CDV worth?
Common 1870s studio portraits typically run $5–$25, while Civil War soldier images, identified subjects, occupational portraits, and outdoor scenes can run from $75 into the thousands. Condition, identification, and historical interest of the sitter drive value far more than age alone.
Are CDVs and cabinet cards the same thing?
No — they share the albumen process but cabinet cards are larger (about 4¼ × 6½ inches on heavier card stock) and came into vogue in the late 1860s. CDVs and cabinet cards coexisted from roughly 1866 into the 1890s before cabinets took over the standard portrait market.
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