Carte de Visite
Albumen-print portraits on small card mounts — the calling-card photo of the Civil War era.
Antique CDV Hovey & Brainerd Old Gorgeous Lady White Ruffled Scarf Rome New York
Antique CDV Frank Ferguson Young Gorgeous Lady Braided Hair Gloversville NY
Antique CDV W. Rattray Handsome Old Bearded Man In Suit Liverpool England
Antique CDV J. H. Meyer Cute Young Boy In Military Uniform Cincinnati Ohio
Antique CDV Geo. Wheeler Cute Baby In Long Gown Portrait Tidioute Pennsylvania
Antique CDV Cute Baby In White Dress Sitting On Patterned Chair Unmarked
Antique CDV W. Shaw Warren Young Gorgeous Lady Lace Dress Boston Massachusetts
Antique CDV Cute Young Boy In Jacket With Bow Tie Serious Expression Unmarked
Antique CDV Circa 1860s Green Handsome Young Man Charlie Fond Du Lac WI
Antique CDV Circa 1870s Milton Koogle Gorgeous Lady in Bellefontaine OH
Antique CDV Circa 1890s A. Kracaw Gorgeous Young Lady in White WA IA
Antique CDV Circa 1860s O. P. Baston Young Handsome Man Newport NH
Antique CDV Circa 1870s Pentz Handsome Man With Mustache In Suit York PA
Antique CDV Circa 1870s R. Holyland Handsome Man With Mustache Baltimore MD
Antique CDV Circa 1870s Varley Young Handsome Man Sideburns Baltimore MD
Antique CDV Circa 1870s John F. Nice Handsome Bearded Man Suit Williamsport PA
Antique CDV Circa 1860s Alfred Harmany Handsome Man With Mustache Lancaster PA
Antique CDV Circa 1880s H. Kruger Handsome Old Bearded Man Houtzdale PA
Antique CDV Circa 1860s J.W. & S. Hall Morris Old Lady Plaid Dress Auburn NY
Antique CDV Circa 1860s B. F. Hale Handsome Bearded Man Rochester NY
Antique CDV Circa 1860s C. S. Sanderson Old Handsome Man In Suit Dover
Antique CDV Circa 1870s Charles K. Bill Handsome Man Mustache New York NY
Antique CDV Circa 1880s J. E. West Handsome Bearded Man Hoosick Falls NY
Antique CDV Circa 1860s D. J. Pearson Gorgeous Lady In Dress Cambridge Mass.
The carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a stiff card the size of a calling card. First proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854, CDVs became a worldwide craze after Disdéri photographed Emperor Napoleon III in 1859 — and stayed in production into the 1920s, collected and pasted into family albums by the millions.
HistoryOrigin & era
CDVs are produced from a glass-plate negative printed onto thin albumen paper, then trimmed and pasted to a card mount. Studios printed them by the dozen; the same sitter could order several copies of the same exposure to hand out. The format was largely displaced by the larger cabinet card from the 1880s onward, though CDV-sized prints continued to be made by smaller studios and itinerant photographers into the 1920s.
IdentificationHow to spot a CDV
- Card mount roughly 2½ × 4 inches.
- Albumen print — slight surface gloss, often warm brown or sepia tones.
- Studio imprint usually on the back (photographer + city).
- Square-cornered mounts are earlier (c. 1860s); rounded corners and decorated backs come in later.
- Tax revenue stamps on the back date it to 1864–1866 (U.S. Civil War tax).
CDV sizes
CDVs are largely standardized — the mount size barely varies — but the photo on the mount and the mount stock evolved over time.
| Format | Inches | Millimeters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CDV mount | 2½ × 4 in | 64 × 100 mm | Universal mount size from the 1860s on. |
| Albumen print on mount | ≈ 2⅛ × 3½ in | ≈ 54 × 89 mm | Photo trimmed to fit the mount with a small border. |
| Victoria (mini-CDV) | 3¼ × 5 in | 83 × 127 mm | Brief 1870s variant — slightly larger than standard. |
Common questions
What is a CDV photograph?
A carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a card the size of a calling card — roughly 2½ × 4 inches. The format was first proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854. CDVs were the dominant portrait format from the early 1860s through the 1870s and continued to be made into the 1920s.
How can I tell if a CDV is from the Civil War era?
A revenue tax stamp on the back dates a CDV to between August 1864 and August 1866 — the only window when the U.S. taxed photographs. Square corners, plain mounts, and two-line photographer imprints also point to the 1860s; rounded corners and elaborate decorated backs are 1870s and later.
How much is an antique CDV worth?
Common 1870s studio portraits typically run $5–$25, while Civil War soldier images, identified subjects, occupational portraits, and outdoor scenes can run from $75 into the thousands. Condition, identification, and historical interest of the sitter drive value far more than age alone.
Are CDVs and cabinet cards the same thing?
No — they share the albumen process but cabinet cards are larger (about 4¼ × 6½ inches on heavier card stock) and came into vogue in the late 1860s. CDVs and cabinet cards coexisted from roughly 1866 into the 1890s before cabinets took over the standard portrait market.
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