Carte de Visite
Albumen-print portraits on small card mounts — the calling-card photo of the Civil War era.
Antique CDV J. C. Scott Victorian Lady in Ruffled Dress New Brunswick New Jersey
Antique CDV O. J. Wildey Old Lady in Dark Dress Seated Skaneateles New York
Antique CDV Jas. W. Turner Young Lady Gorgeous in Ruffled Dress Boston
Antique CDV Strong Gorgeous Young Lady in Dress Eureka California Portrait
Antique CDV P. S. Edwards Handsome Young Man in Suit Portrait Lawrence Michigan
Antique CDV Cute Baby in Striped Dress With Lace Collar And Boots Unmarked
Antique CDV Bushby & Hart Old Lady in Lace Cap & Brooch Lynn Massachusetts
Antique CDV R. Nyblin Gorgeous Young Lady in High Collar Dress Skien Norway
Antique CDV R. Nyblin Young Gorgeous Lady in White Lace Dress Skien Norway
Antique CDV N. Norland Gorgeous Young Lady in Gingham Dress Bergen Norway
Antique CDV Boynton & CO. Lady Mrs Frost Victorian Dress Boston Massachusetts
Antique CDV B. Frieberg Young Gorgeous Lady High Collar Krylbo Vestanfors Sweden
Antique CDV W. H. Harry Gorgeous Lady in Lace Dress Flower in Hair Wooster Ohio
Antique CDV W. H. Harry Gorgeous Lady in Dress With Cameo Brooch Wooster Ohio
Antique CDV W. H. Harry Gorgeous Lady in Ruffled Dress Wooster Ohio
Antique CDV D. H. Cross Gorgeous Young Lady Braided Hair Bennington Vermont
Antique CDV W. H. Harry Old Lady in Lace Collar With Bow Wooster Ohio
Antique CDV Rockwood Old Lady Mrs. A. Bowers Patterned Dress New York New York
Antique CDV Whipple Gorgeous Young Lady in Jacket Boston Massachusetts
Antique CDV Young Gorgeous Lady in Dress Victorian Studio Portrait Unmarked
Antique CDV S.B. Brown Gorgeous Young Lady in Dress Providence Rhode Island
Antique CDV L. N. Sackett Young Gorgeous Lady in Dark Dress Medina Ohio Portrait
Antique CDV M. & W. Garrett Gorgeous Lady in Lace Collar Wilmington Delaware
Antique CDV Gorgeous Lady Mrs. Little in Patterned Dress Lace Collar Unmarked
The carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a stiff card the size of a calling card. First proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854, CDVs became a worldwide craze after Disdéri photographed Emperor Napoleon III in 1859 — and stayed in production into the 1920s, collected and pasted into family albums by the millions.
HistoryOrigin & era
CDVs are produced from a glass-plate negative printed onto thin albumen paper, then trimmed and pasted to a card mount. Studios printed them by the dozen; the same sitter could order several copies of the same exposure to hand out. The format was largely displaced by the larger cabinet card from the 1880s onward, though CDV-sized prints continued to be made by smaller studios and itinerant photographers into the 1920s.
IdentificationHow to spot a CDV
- Card mount roughly 2½ × 4 inches.
- Albumen print — slight surface gloss, often warm brown or sepia tones.
- Studio imprint usually on the back (photographer + city).
- Square-cornered mounts are earlier (c. 1860s); rounded corners and decorated backs come in later.
- Tax revenue stamps on the back date it to 1864–1866 (U.S. Civil War tax).
CDV sizes
CDVs are largely standardized — the mount size barely varies — but the photo on the mount and the mount stock evolved over time.
| Format | Inches | Millimeters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CDV mount | 2½ × 4 in | 64 × 100 mm | Universal mount size from the 1860s on. |
| Albumen print on mount | ≈ 2⅛ × 3½ in | ≈ 54 × 89 mm | Photo trimmed to fit the mount with a small border. |
| Victoria (mini-CDV) | 3¼ × 5 in | 83 × 127 mm | Brief 1870s variant — slightly larger than standard. |
Common questions
What is a CDV photograph?
A carte de visite (CDV) is a small albumen photograph mounted on a card the size of a calling card — roughly 2½ × 4 inches. The format was first proposed by Louis Dodero in 1851 and patented in France by André Disdéri in 1854. CDVs were the dominant portrait format from the early 1860s through the 1870s and continued to be made into the 1920s.
How can I tell if a CDV is from the Civil War era?
A revenue tax stamp on the back dates a CDV to between August 1864 and August 1866 — the only window when the U.S. taxed photographs. Square corners, plain mounts, and two-line photographer imprints also point to the 1860s; rounded corners and elaborate decorated backs are 1870s and later.
How much is an antique CDV worth?
Common 1870s studio portraits typically run $5–$25, while Civil War soldier images, identified subjects, occupational portraits, and outdoor scenes can run from $75 into the thousands. Condition, identification, and historical interest of the sitter drive value far more than age alone.
Are CDVs and cabinet cards the same thing?
No — they share the albumen process but cabinet cards are larger (about 4¼ × 6½ inches on heavier card stock) and came into vogue in the late 1860s. CDVs and cabinet cards coexisted from roughly 1866 into the 1890s before cabinets took over the standard portrait market.
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